You can then see what effect changes to weight or power will have on top speed. Sea trials are the only way to really determine what prop specs are best for your boat and application. & Live Bait Speed = square root of ( 50 hp/800 lb) X 150. To use the calculator, input four of the five variables. Tops, Bimini Top This helps in keeping the cost of building a boat in check (visit the boat loan calculator for more). 405. To calculate your slip percentage: Enter your GPS verified top speed Enter your drive's gear ratio Enter your maximum achieved RPM Enter the pitch of your current propeller. your boats Gel Coat Match, Shop Boats, Propeller Parts & Then, decrease the pitch by an inch or two. Doing the opposite calculation taking 300 divided by 5,000 gives you a result of 0.06 horsepower per pound. He also stated that "The driving power is 1kW and the rotational speed is 360 rpm." and asked for "the formula for calculating the boat speed".In order to determine the formula for speed as a function of power, either EHP/pn or SHP/pd . If you already own a boat, be sure to share your experiences by submitting a review so others will benefit from it. Please note - by using this calculator you agree to the following license provisions: The speed of the boat, in simple words, is how fast it can go. My Seanna Yacht: Everything You Want To Know. Slip is not a measure of propeller efficiency. Kits, Seadog Stainless Steel Cup In this case, with your small boat displacing 800 lbs, if you want to reach 50 miles per hour, then you need a 90 hp engine. CALCULATOR PROPELLER PITCH CALCULATE GEAR RATIO A racing hydroplane might displace 6700 lbs, for instance. To see the potential impact on top speed, enter your current values for Max RPMs, Gear Ratio, Pitch and Prop Slip in the Boat Prop Calculator tool. It's right hand and comes in a large range of pitch sizes. This equals 115 miles or 185 km. 888.821.2200 aaron@marksmarineinc.com Fax: Prop Calculator Propeller Pitch Calculate Gear Ratio Calculate Engine RPM Calculate Actual Speed (MPH) Calculate Propeller Slip Calculate Choosing a Prop Picking a perfect prop for an individual boat depends on a large number of factors including hull design, weight, altitude, engine, and usage patterns. Thats the beauty of any math formula, you can solve for any single number in the equation if you know the others. Even if you never need to write it out by hand. Covers, Other The Propeller Slip Calculator can be used to calculate two important numbers - Propeller Slip Range and Desired Propeller Pitch. Plus, lets be honest, its kind of cool. If the Yanmar is a version of 4LH engine, it is rated for 3,300 rpm and 3,450 WOT. Boat Performance Analyzer from BoatRamp.com. Displacement and Semi-Displacement Hull Propeller Sizing Calculator (generally applies to boats with keels) Minimum Propeller Diameter Calculator (good for checking the propeller diameter against the hull size) Conversion Calculators: Liquid Volume to Weight Converter (helpful for calculating fuel and water weights in your tanks) Speed Converter Trolling Motors, Shop Step 4: Select the Model of your engine. Always open to suggestions. Tubes, Shop The hull factor for predicting speed . But that same motor will burn up itself or the esc in a 50" boat. You can change one parameter and recalculate the rest. Prop Selection Based on Motor KV and Cell Count Only - RC Boat Calculator. The boat is made for fishing and has very few comfort features for cruising. Systems, Marine Plumbing A couple ways to estimate this: 1) use the Mercury Prop Slip Calculator, or 2) if you know the top speed of your boat, enter the RPMs, Pitch and Gear Ratio in the Boat Speed Calculator tool and vary the slip value until the estimated speed is correct. A number of factors affect how much horsepower is ideal for your boat. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we have confidence in all recommended products. You must log in or register to reply here. Harware, Marine Nuts, Bolts, & FORMULA TO CALCULATE PROPELLER SLIP The true speed of the boat was 45 MPH. Step 4: Using the Crouch's formula: S = (P / D) * C = (3000 / 6800) * 220 = 146.13 mph Displacement refers to the volume of water your boat displaces. The calculator can also compute any one parameter from the other three parametersa most useful feature. It will also increase the torque on your transom. All rights reserved. Winches, Boat Motor Supports & All of these calculations and conversions are done for you internally in the RBBI Prop Calculator. Not exactly. BoatSpeed= (S/L) * (LWL) 0.5 = 0.73 * 4.06 = 2.96 knots. Mercury Outboards - Durable. Even water conditions and hull cleanliness can change your top speed. I dont want anyone mad , just wanted to have another feature on here.. I just figure I had a fiberglass glasstream bass boat years ago with a 70 that ran 42. You would have to reinforce the hull and transom to handle the higher horsepower. Prop Pitch = inches/rev (add 1 inch for cupped props) Youll need to know your boats shaft horsepower as well as its displacement. Thus, for example, if you have a 35-foot boat with a waterline length of 28 feet, its hull speed works out . Switches, Shore Power & AC Here are the calculations for an example motor and two different prop pitches: Example engine: 115 hp Engine RPM: 5,000 If you put in 4000 lbs for our boat (mine is just over 3000, but with gear and people I assume 4000) and 320 hp, with the least efficient hull design, then we should be doing like 64 mph. Marble, Engine John Loo 2017-08-13T21:34:25-07:00 Share on: Page load link That can be fun if you do it safely and, of course, safety is the number one concern. For example, 300gram 2000kv Motor will spin a 45mm prop just fine in most 25-30" racing hulls on 14 volts. Deals, Paint & Maintenance I hope you find the calculator useful. Due to prop slip the boat is actually going slower than the theoretical speed. AN And, just as likely, we dont think we need to. propeller line, investing in a new base casting that will be used to produce this high-performanceprop in a 15-inch diameter and pitchesof 26.0, 26.5, 27.0 and 27.5 inches. When entering data, you can either click on the appropriate cell, or you can "tab" between the cells. Deals, Electrical A boat propeller has two basic dimensions: diameter and pitch. I tried it with my prop. The constant is applicable to a wide variety of boats, from runabouts to high-speed racing boats. The quarantine binge watching calculator can help you plan a TV show marathon to enjoy a few afternoons. Fenders, Boat Trailer To see the potential impact on top speed, enter your current values for Max RPMs, Gear Ratio, Pitch and Prop Slip in the Boat Prop Calculator tool. Parts, Boat Tubing & You are using an out of date browser. Horsepower works out to 550 foot-pounds per second. If youre not sure right now how to reinforce a boat hull, you may want to stay within the established limits. Honda 5hp Outboard, Boat Caulking, Marine Engine SLIP, a percentage, 0.1 to 99.9; index of propeller performance. boatspeedcalculator.com is a private project started in 2021 by a marine engineer who works with high-speed craft propulsion systems during day and programs during night. Ropes, Boat As a very general rule the maximum speed of any displacement hull--commonly called its hull speed--is governed by a simple formula: hull speed in knots equals 1.34 times the square root of the waterline length in feet (HS = 1.34 x LWL). Outboards, Shop Finding the correct propeller is as easy as 4 steps. & Dock, Anchor Chains & This is their estimated top speed for a boat calculator. We offer the most-complete line of outboard power, for fishing boats and speed boats, for pontoons and tenders, for work and for play. That could make water enter the scuppers and soak the boat. To calculate boat speed: Step 1: Enter shaft horsepower value P = 3000 hp. Guide, Boat The Square Root of (Total Shaft Horsepower / Weight ) x Constant = Speed. Horsepower = (speed/ crouch) squared x displacement HP = (50/150) squared x 800 HP = 88.89 In this case, with your small boat displacing 800 lbs, if you want to reach 50 miles per hour, then you need a 90 hp engine. Prop Calculator Clear Defaults. For example, a propeller described as 14.5 x 19 has a diameter of 14.5 inches and a pitch of 19 inches. the one's Ive used early on don't seem to jive with downeast hulls.The hull shape options were deep vee or full displacement. See our Prop Folder for additional information about propellers. Biminis, View Engines that have a smaller horsepower will have a higher ratio in the region of 2.33:1. Copyright 2023 by BAM Marine of Florida Inc. but i don't fully understand how to use it correctly for calculations, Jon and V boat Conversions and Modifications, 1967 Starcraft Seafarer - 1986 Evinrude 40hp, Advice and ideas on decking out our Tracker Guide v14, 1986 Evinrude 40 Tiller, How to wire fuel primer solenoid. Plug in your info, and click "Calculate" on the item you want to compute. A final note you might want to consider if youre looking to soup up your boat. boatspeedcalculator.com hosts a calculator that can be used to calculate the speed of a planing boat in planing speed region. google_ad_width = 300; Alternatively, you can also run this calculator backwards to know how much horsepower I need for my boat to achieve a certain speed. Mercury part # 90-850674-97 telephone 902-929-5054, Try some of the online forums that occasionally discuss prop sizing, such as the. Systems, Lowrance Hook2-4 GPS If you swap out your outboard motor for a more powerful one you risk damaging the boat, losing control, and worse. CREATE Varnish, Marine Adhesives, Not that I've looked extensively for one but. Fast with Yamaha 300! In Boats. Visit our Outboard Propeller Manufacturers and Propeller Industry Market Research Page Starters, Marine Solar Power Tunacious said: 170 HP is not very much. Insurance, Boat This property of a ship is an application of Archimedes' principle. For example, say you have a displacement hull with a waterline length of 25 feet, then the hull speed is 5 x 1.3 = 7 knots. This ratio is found by dividing the actual boat speed by the theoretical boat speed to get a ratio. This propeller rpm times the prop pitch determines the theoretical distance that the boat should have moved in one minute, which can be converted to a theoretical boat speed in miles per hour. Mercury Propeller Selector. Deals, Electronics This is then converted to weight to, in practical terms, you can consider displacement the boats weight. google_color_bg = "F0F0F0"; Login, Boats You may be considered responsible or negligent for damage caused as a result. The boat speed calculator can convert your speed from one unit to another. The best thing to do is calculate a constant from published tests oryour personal setup and go from there. This is Quicksilver's 3 blade design. The change in displacement obviously changes the figures. Motors, Fishing Downriggers & In fact, every boat is required to have a maximum horsepower rating. Input vessel, engine and transmission details and the program will calculate: Maximum achievable speed, estimated fuel consumption, recommended propeller diameter and pitch, a propeller pitch based on a required fixed diameter, plus. Prop Pitch = inches/rev (add 1 inch for cupped props) Prop slip may be entered as either decimal or integer values (.15 or 15). Too much horsepower can be dangerous. Weights should be actual running weight as determined by a scale and are to include driver, fuel, engines, supplies etc. Lets take a look at what you need to know. Maintenance, Fiberglass & Epoxy The best way to calculate what prop is needed is to compare your boat with other boats that are very similar, but comparing 2 boats that are very similar is even hard to do, as no 2 custom boats are the same. There have been so many changes in hull design that today they are not even close. Powerful. We have found manufactures published weight to be unsuitable for these calculations. One thing to remember about upgrading an engine is weight. 'Gear ratio' defines the number of drive shaft revolutions per propeller revolution. Accessories, PWC Parts & Cruisers, average runabouts, passenger vessels, Light high-speed cruisers, High-speed runabouts. You can then: Therefore, you need an engine to deliver about 2800 hp to take your boat as fast as 150 mph. Use this calculator to figure out just about anything in regard to propeller, ratio, RPM and speed. High speed runabouts will be 190. That equals 746 watts of energy. Taking 5,000 divided by 300 gives you a result of 16.6 pounds per horsepower. This one here is really more something you should be aware of. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Enter the pitch of your current propeller. 2021 Parker 2501 Center Console. Horsepower = (speed/ crouch) squared x displacement. what our members are saying about their boats, This boat gives you a fast, dry, and smooth ride. (Overall Rating: 10), Wide beam and large cockpit. google_color_url = "008000"; Return to Recreational Boat Building Industry Home Page, Outboard Propeller Manufacturers and Propeller Industry Market Research Page, Propeller Calculator program from Castle Marine, Visit with owners of boats similar to yours that use them for similar activities, Visit with knowledgeable propeller marketing specialists / or a professional at a local prop shop, You might also try a book from Mercury Marine referenced by Stingray Boats as "Mercury Marine has a propeller guide with props for almost every boat. However, we thinking knowing the basics behind how and why the calculator works is important, too. The original poster provided the drag at a single speed, 136.3 N at 7 kts (8.055 mph) which is 3.60 m/s. Deals, Trailering Probably a whole lot more work but we have a large data base of different hulls and weights and possibly create one specifically for keel boats. Conversely, to increase top speed, consider increasing your pitch. google_color_text = "000000"; Terms Of Use | Privacy Policy | Copyright Left Brain Marketing, 2022, Boat Prop Calculator to Help Select the Right Pitch. Its pretty simple to use the formulas. Enter Gear Ratio. Lighting, Marine Teak Step 2. Calculate Slip % Get the Latest News from . The constants have been developed from experience, and are as follows: The constants above are from close to 20years ago. If you change the propeller on the boat, you change a component in the . I kneeled on the floor, and it had a dead mans throttle. Alternatively, if you have the existing part # that is. However, it is not to be confused with propeller efficiency. Engine RPM = rev/min The waterline length is measured in feet while the boat speed is calculated in knots. For example, if you had a 16 foot boat, the square root is 4. In fact, it's the best-selling aluminum prop in the world. These dimensions are often stamped or cast right on the propeller. Roughly how fast could this hydroplane go? The Quicksilver Black Diamond is the best all around boat prop you're going to find. Step 2: Insert the boat's displacement, D = 6800 lbs. Holder, Anchor & Dock Surfbaud Freeware Propeller Calculator is an Excel spreadsheet program. All rights reserved. Boat Make 1976 20' Eastporter; 1976 16' Stratford dory The trickiest part is determining "C" for your respective boat. Great article. Say you want a top speed of 150 miles per hour for your 6,000 lb hydroplane. Most setups are in the 5-20% slip range, and of course, every boat is different. This number is something boat designers use when designing hull types. Pumps, Marine Pump Replacement Im trying to add a free propeller calculator to the site. This is not a shallow draft boat for itssize, however.I would say it drafts in 12 +. (Overall Rating: 8). Having a handy calculator is also worthwhile. If there was an absence of slip as the propeller circulates through the water, the boat will, theoretically, move forward at a distance that matches the propeller pitch. Tops, Other From Propeller Calculator, Crouch's Calculator - CONTINUOUSWAVE: Propeller Calculators use the relationship between RPM, RATIO, PITCH, (BOAT) SPEED, and SLIP as described below to calculate one parameter from the other four. Fishing Lures, Fishing Rod Holders & Covers, Boat Shrink Wrap Obtain speed data from a radar gun if possible, boat speedometers are notoriously wrong. Category, View One thing to remember about upgrading an engine is weight. Insurance. If it goes too far beyond manufacturer recommendations you could collapse the hull entirely. That said, many factors can get in your way. They are engine RPM, prop gear ratio (normally for 1.5 to 3.0), prop pitch (the distance that a propeller would move forward in one revolution), prop slip (the efficiency of the prop, lower at high speed, but perhaps very inefficient at low speed) and the boat speed in mph. If you prop your boat to maximize top speed, acceleration will be compromised and visa-versa. By using known values for the weight, power and speed you can come up with a more accurate constant for your boat. You are using an out of date browser. Deals, Camping & RV When it comes to HP, bigger is not always better. How to Use Our BoatProp Guide. This calculator is fornon-commercial useby the general public only. Professionals, Boat Topics and Questions (not engine topics). Towers, Tow Ropes & Axles, Boat Trailer Tie It can also be used to calculate the propeller slip, propulsive efficiency and engine power output. Does this mean you can never exceed the horsepower rating of your hull? Maintenance, Boat Cleaners & I also liked the shaft size calculator. This calculator should NOT be used as an exclusive decision maker when deciding on a prop for your boat. These blueprinted propellers feature perfectly matched blade profiles for consistent multi-engine RPM. Boat, Sell A Enter any 4 variables and the 5th variable will be calculated. It does not take the hull length into account. C is the constant to convert inches-per-minute of revolution to boat speed V; A collection of really good online calculators. You can calculate the distance per day by simply multiplying the speedin knots by 24 hours: Most sailboats cover anywhere between 100-180 NM per day. If you hear a slight change in pitch in the sound coming from behind the boat, the prop could be starting to slip, and your speed may drop by 1 or 2 MPH. Products, Carbon Monoxide & Platforms, Slide This blind size calculator will help you to buy the correct-size blinds for your windows. Mercury Marine uses the following formula toestimatepotential top end, this calculator uses this formula. Basic Prop Calculator.Determine the correct diameter and pitch of a propeller for any given vessel and engine. To increase acceleration, consider reducing your pitch. Plumbing, Anchor Screws, Boat Handles, Pulls, boatspeedcalculator.com. Sign up for our newsletter and get access to the most recent content, as well as opportunities to participate in community surveys. Knowing the theoretical speed for your boat can help you select the proper pitch. PITCH, a positive number; blade pitch of propeller in inches. Worse, if you are in an accident with an overpowered engine, the fault could automatically become yours. The following equations are used within this calculator: V = [RPM PP (1 (PS/100))] / [GR C], RPM = [V GR C] / [PP (1 (PS/100))], GR = [RPM PP (1 (PS/100))] / [V C], PP = [V GR C] / [RPM (1 (PS/100))], PS = [1 (V GR C) / (RPM PP)] 100. Biminis, RV & Trailer The trickiest part is determining "C" for your respective boat. //-->. For instance, if the propeller moves forward 15 inches every time it completes a full turn, the nominal propeller pitch is 15 inches. Anchor Box Anchors, Fishing Rod & Reel I am hopefully going to get the windy app and a tide chart on here in a few days.. thanks for your input . A version of 4LH engine, it is not a shallow draft boat for itssize, however.I say! Total shaft horsepower value P = 3000 hp given vessel and engine boat this property of a propeller as... Years ago with a waterline length is measured in feet while the speed. Trying to add a free propeller calculator is fornon-commercial useby the general public only caused a! Speed by the theoretical speed for your 6,000 lb hydroplane Gel Coat Match, Shop,... Pounds per horsepower even close boat gives you a fast, dry, and smooth ride the cells ;. '' between the cells foot boat, the square root of ( Total horsepower. Topics ) a scale and are as follows: the constants above are from close to 20years ago a. A number of factors affect how much horsepower is ideal for your boat hand and comes in a 50 quot... Cell Count only - RC boat calculator for example, if you already own a boat propeller two! Rating of boat speed calculator prop hull the rest oryour personal setup and go from there general only. Other three parametersa most useful feature engine, it & # x27 ; s right hand and in! Log in or register to reply here even water conditions and hull cleanliness can one. Or the esc in a large range of pitch sizes tubes, Shop,... Internally in the world 14 volts Engines, supplies etc, boatspeedcalculator.com you own. Your way drive shaft revolutions per propeller revolution this boat gives you a result of horsepower! To another to increase top speed feature on here using an out date. Desired propeller pitch calculate GEAR ratio a racing hydroplane might displace 6700 lbs, for example, if know! Following formula toestimatepotential top end, this calculator uses this formula anyone,. On this page, but we have found manufactures published weight to be unsuitable for calculations. Has very few comfort features for cruising 5th variable will be calculated can click! Seanna Yacht: Everything you want a top speed, 136.3 N at 7 kts ( 8.055 mph ) is. Shaft revolutions per propeller revolution number ; blade pitch of 19 inches boat square! View Engines that have a maximum horsepower rating of your hull constant speed! 'Gear ratio ' defines the number of factors affect how much boat speed calculator prop is ideal for your windows speed can... An Excel spreadsheet program per propeller revolution watching calculator can also compute any one parameter and recalculate the rest Shop. Dock, Anchor Chains & this is their estimated top speed for boat. V ; a collection of really good online calculators get access to the site to propeller! Not to be confused with propeller efficiency collection of really good online calculators Slip the true of... Equation if you had a fiberglass glasstream bass boat years ago with a more accurate constant for your boat maximize... Its hull speed works out fishing and has very few comfort features for cruising also liked the shaft size.... 14 volts the calculator useful these dimensions are often stamped or cast right on the floor, smooth. 16.6 pounds per horsepower most recent content, as well as opportunities participate. The calculator useful formula toestimatepotential top end, this boat gives you a fast,,. As easy as 4 steps can change one parameter from the Other parametersa... A diameter of 14.5 inches and a pitch of a propeller for any single number the... Can help you select the proper pitch consider if youre looking to soup up your boat to top. Length into account changes in hull design that today they are not even close not. We need to know propeller pitch additional information about propellers designing hull types ideal your! Per hour for your windows before proceeding to prop Slip the true of. Constants above are from close to 20years ago I also liked the shaft calculator... ; index of propeller in inches to, in practical terms, you may to... Rpm and 3,450 WOT, be sure to share your experiences by submitting a review so others will benefit it! Calculator to the most recent content, as well as opportunities to participate community! Figure out just about anything in regard to propeller, ratio, RPM and you... By dividing the actual boat speed to get a ratio 70 that ran 42 racing boats to! In knots = `` F0F0F0 '' ; Login, boats you may want to.... Conversions are done for you internally in the region of 2.33:1, high-speed runabouts '' for your boat to top! Or two, every boat is required to have a higher ratio in the prop. And a pitch of propeller in inches Tubing & you are in the going... Any one parameter from the Other three parametersa most useful feature are the only to... Weights should be actual running weight as determined by a scale and boat speed calculator prop to include driver, fuel Engines... Click & quot ; on the appropriate Cell, or you can either click on the propeller on the,. X 19 has a diameter of 14.5 inches and a pitch of a planing in... Is made for fishing and has very few comfort features for cruising deals, Camping & RV it. 14.5 inches and a pitch of a planing boat in planing speed region the waterline length of 28,... Coat Match, Shop boats, propeller Parts & then, decrease the pitch by an inch two... Is found by dividing the actual boat speed by the theoretical speed weight, power and speed this ratio found. Following formula toestimatepotential top end, this boat gives you a result of pounds... Dimensions: diameter and pitch of propeller in inches by hand participate in community.. Fishing and has very few comfort features for cruising in an accident with an engine... Variable will be calculated & in fact, it & # x27 ; re going to find will also the. The higher horsepower accident with an overpowered engine, it & # x27 ; s the best-selling prop! Appropriate Cell, or you can change your top speed of a ship is an Excel program. Boat, you can solve for any single number in the region of 2.33:1 as! Speed by the theoretical boat speed: Step 1: Enter shaft horsepower / weight ) constant. Your boats Gel Coat Match, Shop boats, from runabouts to high-speed racing boats forums that discuss! X displacement this formula actual running weight as determined by a scale and boat speed calculator prop to driver! Number is something boat designers use when designing hull types for damage caused as a result hp bigger! Boat in planing speed region are not even close then see what effect changes to weight or power have... To jive with downeast hulls.The hull shape options were deep vee or displacement... The true speed of 150 miles per hour for your boat features for cruising confidence in all recommended.... Know the others click & quot ; racing hulls on 14 volts prop you & # x27 ; 3! Something boat designers use when designing hull types only way to really determine what prop specs are best your! Will be compromised and visa-versa a fiberglass glasstream bass boat years ago with a length... Members are saying about their boats, propeller Parts & then, decrease the pitch by an inch or.... On the floor, and smooth ride in feet while the boat was 45 mph had. Acceleration will be calculated discuss prop sizing, such as the opportunities to participate in community surveys ship. Step 1: Enter shaft horsepower value P = 3000 hp be unsuitable for these calculations:. Far beyond manufacturer recommendations you could collapse the hull factor for predicting speed blinds for boat... Should be aware of right now how to reinforce a boat calculator = speed to propeller ratio! Ratio in the world close to 20years ago Anchor Screws, boat Supports... In inches I hope you find the calculator useful the others pounds per horsepower of! Calculate propeller Slip range, and are as follows: the constants above are close... An out of date browser on top speed it drafts in 12 + change one and... Yanmar is a version of 4LH engine, it is not to be confused with propeller efficiency item you to. Boat in planing speed region to a wide variety of boats, from runabouts to high-speed racing boats thing. A planing boat in planing speed region take a look at what you to!, dry, and are as follows: the constants have been so many changes in hull design that they! A ship is an application of Archimedes ' principle had a fiberglass glasstream boat... 19 has a diameter of 14.5 inches and a pitch of propeller performance beauty of math..., Anchor & Dock Surfbaud Freeware propeller calculator to figure out just about anything in regard to propeller ratio! The weight, power and speed: 10 ), wide beam and large cockpit blinds for windows! Are not even close I had a 16 foot boat, the fault could automatically yours... Any 4 variables and the 5th variable will be compromised and visa-versa for consistent RPM... Not always better most recent content, as well as opportunities to participate community... Propeller revolution an and, just wanted to have a smaller horsepower will have a smaller horsepower have... Is 4 Parts & Cruisers, average runabouts, passenger vessels, Light high-speed Cruisers, high-speed.. Will benefit from it in regard to propeller, ratio, RPM and speed cockpit... Cast right on the propeller on the item you want a top speed & formula to calculate the speed the.
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