An interdict was thereupon imposed upon the king's lands, and Pierre was given refuge by Theobald II, Count of Champagne. She had inherited her fathers enormous estates in her teens on his death in 1137 and her first husband, Louis VII of France, had been quite unable to stand up to her. A Guide to Currently Running and Upcoming National Tours, Photos: Inside THE MUSIC MAN's Final Curtain Call with Hugh Jackman, Sutton Foster & Company. She married John Allison about 1708, in Maryland, British Colonial America. [9] Even in an era when ladies of the nobility were excessively praised, their praise of her was undoubtedly sincere. Hi Friends! Rancon, however, chose to continue on, deciding in concert with Amadeus III, Count of Savoy, Louis's uncle, that a nearby plateau would make a better campsite. I suspect she felt her duty to protect the duchy even more keenly because she was a woman in a world increasingly wary, if not downright fearful, of female rule. The king and queen were still optimisticthe Byzantine Emperor had told them that King Conrad III of Germany had won a great victory against a Turkish army when in fact the German army had been almost completely destroyed at Dorylaeum. This resulted in the army becoming separated, with some having already crossed the summit and others still approaching it. Eleanor went back to England probably early in 1184. When she was young, she was described as perpulchramore than beautiful. For Eleanor to be convicted of these scandals in the court of public opinion for over 800 years based on such flimsy evidence is ludicrous. Eleanor and Louis VII had two daughters, Marie and Alix. Eleanor's daughter, Queen Eleanor of Castile, had two remaining unmarried daughters, Urraca and Blanche. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. She was the great patron of the two dominant poetic movements of the time: the courtly love tradition, conveyed in the romantic songs of the troubadours, and the historical matire de Bretagne, or legends of Brittany, which originated in Celtic traditions and in the Historia regum Britanniae, written by the chronicler Geoffrey of Monmouth sometime between 1135 and 1138. From the moment the Crusaders entered Asia Minor, things began to go badly. It feels like something we could do with more of today. In April 1145, Eleanor gave birth to a daughter, Marie. Her fatherWilliam X,. On 11 March 1152, they met at the royal castle of Beaugency to dissolve the marriage. Eleanor has her eyes open, watchful still. This was the beginning of a period of greater freedom for the still-supervised Eleanor. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Louis became involved in a war with Count Theobald by permitting Raoul I, Count of Vermandois and seneschal of France, to repudiate his wife Eleanor of Blois, Theobald's sister, and to marry Petronilla of Aquitaine, Eleanor's sister. Ms. S. Berry, senior archivist at the Somerset Archive and Record Service, identified this "archdeacon of Wells" as Thomas of Earley, noting his family ties to Henry II and the Earleys' philanthropies. For this reason Henry summoned Eleanor to Normandy in the late summer of 1183. Alternate titles: Alinor dAquitaine, Alinor de Guyenne, Elonore dAquitaine, Elonore de Guyenne, Eleanor of Guyenne. It was a gamble that did not pay off, and whether through military error or betrayal, the Damascus campaign was a failure. He then went to his uncle Robert, Earl of Gloucester, who also declined to help him out of the fix he was in. Please sign up to receive Sharon Kay Penman's newsletter to get the latest news and events. She certainly left for her own city of Poitiers immediately after Christmas. In 1202 John was again in her debt for holding Mirebeau against Arthur, until John, coming to her relief, was able to take him prisoner. [12] William requested of the king that he take care of both the lands and the duchess, and find her a suitable husband. The marriage was annulled in March 1152 on grounds of consanguinity. What was Eleanor of Aquitaines childhood like? When war broke out between John and Philip, Eleanor declared her support for John and set out from Fontevraud to her capital Poitiers to prevent her grandson Arthur I, Duke of Brittany, posthumous son of Eleanor's son Geoffrey and John's rival for the English throne, from taking control. The king had many mistresses, but although he treated earlier liaisons discreetly, he flaunted Rosamund. Of all her influence on culture, Eleanor's time in Poitiers between 1168 and 1173 was perhaps the most critical, yet very little is known about it. She was also blamed for the size of the baggage train and the fact that her Aquitanian soldiers had marched at the front and thus were not involved in the fight. "[19], Official blame for the disaster was placed on Geoffrey de Rancon, who had made the decision to continue, and it was suggested that he be hanged, a suggestion which the king ignored. That made Eleanor a target, and I think it is through this lens that we need to view later criticisms of her, not to mention sordid stories that began to do the rounds. Henry and Eleanor became king and queen of England in 1154. In June 1144, the king and queen visited the newly built monastic church at Saint-Denis. It was decided that he would escort the queen and princess north. He reportedly "nimbly and bravely scaled a rock by making use of some tree roots which God had provided for his safety" and managed to survive the attack. Some of the times he got himself into the deepest trouble, such as the Toulouse Campaign in 1159 and the Becket Affair that ended so tragically in 1170, it was because he wanted his rights clearly defined from these grey areas. He was interred at the feet of the tomb of his great-grandfather, Henry I, in Westminster Abbey. His main focus is the Wars of the Roses and Richard III, but he has also written on The Anarchy, Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Henry III. He and Eleanor were anointed and crowned king and queen of France on Christmas Day of the same year. Pioneer Theatre Company presentsThe Lion in Winter, a fascinating look at two of the most iconic figures in English history. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. On 21 March, the four archbishops, with the approval of Pope Eugene, granted an annulment on grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree; Eleanor was Louis' third cousin once removed, and shared common ancestry with Robert II of France. Historical fiction author Elizabeth Chadwick wrote a three-volume series about Eleanor: The Summer Queen (2013), The Winter Crown (2014) and The Autumn Throne (2016). Little is known of Eleanor's involvement in these events. "[33] Once her sons had left for Paris, Eleanor may have encouraged the lords of the south to rise up and support them.[9]. Her birthplace may have been Poitiers, Bordeaux, or Nieul-sur-l'Autise, where her mother and brother died when Eleanor was 6 or 8.[8]. The Duchy of Aquitaine was the largest and richest province of France. As soon as the annulment was granted, Eleanor became engaged to her third cousin Henry, Duke of Normandy. Not surprisingly, her life with Henry was stormy. About four miles from Shrewsbury and close by Haughmond Abbey is "Queen Eleanor's Bower", the remains of a possible triangular timber castle which is believed to have been one of her prisons. After that, Eleanor goes on to live what, for anyone else, might constitute the third glitteringly impressive medieval life she was gifted. [4] She also learned domestic skills such as household management and the needle arts of embroidery, needlepoint, sewing, spinning, and weaving. "[32] One source claimed that the queen sent her younger sons to France "to join with him against their father the king. If it had created a well of goodwill, it was to help settle the disputed succession in Henrys favour. She was portrayed by Lynda Bellingham in the BBC series Robin Hood. Eleanor Henry was born on June 7, 1897, and died at age 79 years old in October 1976. His sources no longer exist, and he alone mentions this birth.[27]. She was given shelter and food by servants of King Roger II of Sicily, until the king eventually reached Calabria, and she set out to meet him there. She continued south, crossed the Pyrenees, and travelled through the kingdoms of Navarre and Castile, arriving in Castile before the end of January 1200. In the ensuing Battle of Mount Cadmus, the Turks, who had been following and feinting for many days, seized their opportunity and attacked those who had not yet crossed the summit. In Penman's historical mysteries, Eleanor, as Richard's regent, sends squire Justin de Quincy on various missions, often an investigation of a situation involving Prince John. She has been misjudged by many French historians who have noted only her youthful frivolity, ignoring the tenacity, political wisdom, and energy that characterized the years of her maturity. Eleanor C. Henry. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. She played a prominent part in government and a patrons role in the development of both troubadour poetry and the Arthurian legends. [30] Amy Kelly, in her article, "Eleanor of Aquitaine and Her Courts of Love," gives a very plausible description of the origins of the rules of Eleanor's court: "In the Poitevin code, man is the property, the very thing of woman; whereas a precisely contrary state of things existed in the adjacent realms of the two kings from whom the reigning duchess of Aquitaine was estranged. Eleanor Henry was born in 1685, in Calvert, Maryland, United States as the daughter of John Henry. Fiona Harris-Stoertz, "Pregnancy and Childbirth in Twelfth-and Thirteenth-Century French and English Law". In eastern Europe, the French army was at times hindered by Manuel I Comnenus, the Byzantine Emperor, who feared that the Crusade would jeopardise the tenuous safety of his empire. See more characters from William Shakespeare. She seems to have exerted a great deal of influence over Louis, something his councillors and courtiers resented. The duke also insisted to his companions that his death be kept a secret until Louis was informed; the men were to journey from Saint James of Compostela across the Pyrenees as quickly as possible to call at Bordeaux to notify the archbishop, then to make all speed to Paris to inform the king. Five-year-old twins Emma and Ella Henry, of Madison, who played Mae Mobley in "The Help," watched the film for the first time on Sunday. Louis was a weak and ineffectual military leader with no skill for maintaining troop discipline or morale, or of making informed and logical tactical decisions. JACKSON, Miss. As a wedding present she gave Louis a rock crystal vase {fr}, currently on display at the Louvre. Outraged, Louis swore upon relics that so long as he lived Pierre should never enter Bourges. When Eleanor died in 1204 at the age of 80, she elected to be buried where she had spent her final years, at Fontevraud Abbey. Those who tried to escape were caught and killed. Eleanor was related to Henry even more closely than she had been to Louis: they were cousins to the third degree through their common ancestor Ermengarde of Anjou, wife of Robert I, Duke of Burgundy and Geoffrey, Count of Gtinais, and they were also descended from King Robert II of France. From 1147 to 1149 Eleanor accompanied Louis on the Second Crusade to protect the fragile Latin kingdom of Jerusalem, founded after the First Crusade only 50 years before, from Turkish assault. Her marriage to Louis was annulled amid rumours that she had indulged in an affair with her uncle, Raymond, Prince of Antioch whilst in the Holy Land. Louis of France had remarried and been widowed; he married for the third time and finally fathered a long-hoped-for son, Philip Augustus, also known as DieudonnGod-given. The exhausted Eleanor went to Fontevraud, where she remained. Henry II sent Thomas of Earley, Archdeacon of Wells, to break the news to Eleanor at Sarum. He shunned all majesty, preferring to send his Chancellor Thomas Becket to Paris to make a splendid, showy entrance to the city because, well, it just wasnt Henrys style. [22] Henry donated much money to Godstow Nunnery in Oxfordshire, where Rosamund was buried. On 8 July 1174, Henry and Eleanor took ship for England from Barfleur. Although this was perhaps a better military plan, Louis was not keen to fight in northern Syria. Eleanor Henry has not appeared in the West End, Pioneer Theatre Company Presents THE LION IN WINTER, BWW Review: ALL IN THE FAMILY: THE LION IN WINTER, CPCC Theatre Hosts Auditions for The Lion in Winter 9/14, CPCC Theatre Hosts Auditions for The Lion in Winter 9/13-14. The revolt failed, and Eleanor was captured while seeking refuge in the kingdom of her first husband, Louis VII. She is a supporting character in Matrix by Lauren Groff. After their return to France and a short-lived reconciliation, their marriage was annulled in March 1152. Louis VI soon married her to his son and heir, and within weeks the king died so that Louis VII came to the throne with Eleanor as his queen. Eleanor is the subject of A Proud Taste for Scarlet and Miniver, a children's novel by E. L. Konigsburg. The marriage was now doomed. Marriage to Henry II and administration of England, Armand-Jean du Plessis, cardinal et duc de Richelieu, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eleanor-of-Aquitaine, World History Encyclopedia - Eleanor of Aquitaine, The Ohio State University - eHistory - Eleanor of Aquitaine, Heritage History - Biography of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Eleanor of Aquitaine - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Eleanor of Aquitaine, Richard I, and Henry II. However, this rumour may have been a ruse, as Raymond, through Eleanor, had been trying to induce Louis to use his army to attack the actual Muslim encampment at nearby Aleppo, gateway to retaking Edessa, which had all along, by papal decree, been the main objective of the Crusade. Historian John Speed, in his 1611 work History of Great Britain, mentions the possibility that Eleanor had a son named Philip, who died young. [28], Some scholars believe that the "court of love" probably never existed since the only evidence for it is Andreas Capellanus' book. On her release, Eleanor played a greater political role than ever before. She was portrayed by Mary Clare in the silent film Becket (1923), by Prudence Hyman in Richard the Lionheart (1962), and twice by Jane Lapotaire in the BBC TV drama series The Devil's Crown (1978) and again in Mike Walker's BBC Radio 4 series Plantagenet (2010). Hugues de Toucy, archbishop of Sens, presided, and Louis and Eleanor were both present, as were the archbishop of Bordeaux and Rouen. Her interest in their second son, Richard, was probably less to do with selecting a favourite child than with his having been conceived in Aquitaine and positioned to be its next duke. Searching to find out more about Eleanor Henry? View the profiles of people named Eleanor Henry. [9] Immediately after the wedding, the couple were enthroned as duke and duchess of Aquitaine. Nevertheless, rumours persisted, perhaps assisted by Henry's camp, that Eleanor had poisoned Rosamund. Check out Eleanor Henry's Bio Now In autumn 1145, Pope Eugene III requested that Louis lead a Crusade to the Middle East to rescue the Frankish states there from disaster. Henry made the apparently absurd move of asking King Stephen, his mothers cousin, but his rival for the throne of England, to bail him out. [15], Louis's tenure as count of Poitou and duke of Aquitaine and Gascony lasted only a few days. Archbishop Samson received assurances from Louis that Eleanor's lands would be restored to her. We have a full Biography, Photos, Theatre Credits, and more! On 18 May 1152 (Whit Sunday), eight weeks after her annulment, Eleanor married Henry "without the pomp and ceremony that befitted their rank."[24]. Henry II's troops besieged the town, forcing his son to flee. Eleanor Henry Biography Showing all 2 items Jump to: Mini Bio (1) | Trivia (1) Mini Bio (1) Eleanor Henry is known for The Help (2011). It was a sure sign Henry had launched the invasion without permission and this felt like the medieval teenage equivalent of being put on the naughty step. Home, however, was not easily reached. Add or change photo on IMDbPro Add to list More at IMDbPro Contact info Agent info Known for The Help 8.1 Mae Mobley 2011 Credits Edit IMDbPro Actress Previous 1 The Help Mae Mobley 2011 IMDb Best of 2022 The sons were William, who died at the age of three; Henry; Richard, the Lionheart; Geoffrey, duke of Brittany; and John, surnamed Lackland until, having outlived all his brothers, he inherited, in 1199, the crown of England. As soon as they disembarked at Southampton, Eleanor was taken either to Winchester Castle or Sarum Castle and held there. This has attracted confusion and derision for Stephen, from contemporaries and later commentators, but I think there was good reason for him to behave as he did. Neither was heard of for over two months. Its a fair question. In the 1968 film The Lion in Winter, Eleanor is played by Katharine Hepburn, who won the third of her four Academy Awards for Best Actress for her portrayal, and Henry again is portrayed by O'Toole. Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine: Founding an Empire, Matts History Blog Hopefully interesting snippets and thoughts (wordpress.com). Dismayed at her attitude, Bernard scolded Eleanor for her lack of penitence and interference in matters of state. Telling the stories of Henry and Eleanor together was, as I mentioned earlier, tricky. Eleanor was not. Jean Plaidy's novel The Courts of Love, fifth in the 'Queens of England' series, is a fictionalised autobiography of Eleanor of Aquitaine. She was able to retire comfortably as Queen of England, with Aquitaine in the capable hands of Richard, and in doing so, take the sting out of the conflict between her husband and their sons. I encountered the young Henry in depth when writing about The Anarchy. For good measure, accusations were added that she had engaged in an affair with Geoffrey, Count of Anjou, Henrys father, and that her lust for Henry ruined her marriage to Louis. When most of the land army arrived, the king and queen had a dispute. There was simply no benefit in it either. Others were not so fortunate: "No aid came from Heaven, except that night fell. Sometime between the end of March and the beginning of May, Eleanor left Poitiers, but was arrested and sent to the king at Rouen. Eleanor of Aquitaine was born about 1122, the daughter and heiress of William X, duke of Aquitaine and count of Poitiers. Eleanor remained in England with her daughter for the year prior to Matilda's departure for Normandy in September. In December, Eleanor gathered her movable possessions in England and transported them on several ships to Argentan. Breakdown; . The king, having scorned royal apparel in favour of a simple pilgrim's tunic, escaped notice, unlike his bodyguards, whose skulls were brutally smashed and limbs severed. Her parents' marriage had been arranged by Dangereuse with her paternal grandfather WilliamIX. The Pope, recalling similar attempts by William X to exile supporters of Innocent from Poitou and replace them with priests loyal to himself, blamed Eleanor, saying that Louis was only a child and should be taught manners. The film is about the difficult relationship between them and the struggle of their three sons Richard, Geoffrey, and John for their father's favour and the succession. Whats a Ricardian doing at the wrong end of the Plantagenet dynasty? She bore him two daughters, went on crusade with him and ordered him about until her infidelities and her failure to produce an heir proved too much. At this point, Eleanor was 49 - already deemed an elderly woman. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. In addition, she had been corresponding with her uncle Raymond, Prince of Antioch, who was seeking further protection from the French crown against the Saracens. When his father's ring was sent to him, he begged that his father would show mercy to his mother, and that all his companions would plead with Henry to set her free. She had been locked away by her husband since 1173, following her complicit involvement in her sons' rebellions against Henry II. Eleanor of Aquitaine (1137-1152) was one of the most powerful and influential figures of the Middle Ages. He was the future of the place that meant the most to her. His goal throughout his reign was to recover and restore all of the rights held by his grandfather Henry I, and he would pursue these ferociously and doggedly. She was a patron of poets such as Wace, Benot de Sainte-Maure, and Bernart de Ventadorn. A now heavily pregnant Eleanor,[25] was crowned queen of England by Theobald of Bec, the Archbishop of Canterbury, on 19 December 1154. I particularly liked the story of him bringing a small mercenary force to England when he was fourteen to chance his arm. In 1199, under the terms of a truce between King PhilipII and King John, it was agreed that Philip's 12-year-old heir-apparent Louis would be married to one of John's nieces, daughters of his sister Eleanor of England, queen of Castile. After wandering aimlessly through Aquitaine, Henry the Younger caught dysentery. Find 109 people named Eleanor Henry along with free Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok profiles on PeekYou - true people search. Select this result to view Eleanor G Henry's phone number, address, and more. [9] Eleanor came to learn arithmetic, the constellations, and history. In 1137 Duke William X left Poitiers for Bordeaux and took his daughters with him. Such disobedience was reportedly common. A bitter feud arose between the king and Thomas Becket, initially his chancellor and closest adviser and later the archbishop of Canterbury. Like so many other facets of their story, I dont think the traditional story paints the full picture. By all accounts, Eleanor's father ensured that she had the best possible education. Accordingly, Louis declared on Christmas Day 1145 at Bourges his intention of going on a crusade. Some, such as John of Salisbury and William of Tyre, say Eleanor's reputation was sullied by rumours of an affair with her uncle Raymond. However, Henry and Eleanor eventually became estranged. 1556332. 18 people named Eleanor Henry found in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island and Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City. As these were the days when kidnapping an heiress was seen as a viable option for obtaining a title, William dictated a will on the very day he died that bequeathed his domains to Eleanor and appointed King Louis VI of France as her guardian. Family, friend, or fan, this family history biography is for you to remember Eleanor Henry. Menu Log In Sign Up Eleanor of the House of Poitiers was born somewhere between 1122 and 1124, the daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitaine and Aenor de Chatellerault. Facebook gives people the power to. Eleanor then returned to Fontevraud where she took the veil as a nun. She was not aided by memories of Constance of Arles, the Provenal wife of Robert II, tales of whose immodest dress and language were still told with horror. In December 1154, Henry and Eleanor arrived in England for their joint coronation. Henry was nineteen years old, bull-necked, stocky and . Eleanor selected the younger daughter, Blanche. Eleanor was in her mid-forties, and the couple had seven children, including four sons (no doubt to Louis VIIs irritation!). Her contribution to England extended beyond her own lifetime; after the loss of Normandy (1204), it was her own ancestral lands and not the old Norman territories that remained loyal to England. [9] Some believe that Eleanor's court in Poitiers was the "Court of Love" where Eleanor and her daughter Marie meshed and encouraged the ideas of troubadours, chivalry, and courtly love into a single court. As queen dowager, Eleanor acted as regent while Richard went on the Third Crusade. When she was around 30, Bernard de Ventadour, a noted troubadour, called her "gracious, lovely, the embodiment of charm", extolling her "lovely eyes and noble countenance" and declaring that she was "one meet to crown the state of any king". Eleanor became queen of France, a title she held for the next 15 years. Born around 1122 or 1124 possibly in today's southern France, Eleanor was named for her mother, the Duchess Anor de Chtellerault. He records some twenty-one cases, the most famous of them being a problem posed to the women about whether true love can exist in marriage. Continuing on, the army became split, with the commoners marching towards Antioch and the royalty travelling by sea. Eleanor was queen consort to Louis VII (113752) of France and Henry II of England (11521204). Stephens oldest son died, his other son expressed no desire to become king, and Stephen adopted Henry as his son and appointed him heir to England. [4] Eleanor developed skills in conversation, dancing, games such as backgammon, checkers, and chess, playing the harp, and singing. Henry joined her in Poitiers and they were married in the cathedral on Whit Sunday in a simple ceremony with none of the pomp and splendour that might have been expected. , Instagram, Twitter, and whether through military error or betrayal, the couple enthroned. In October 1976 plan, Louis VII ( 113752 ) of France on Christmas 1145! Harris-Stoertz, `` Pregnancy and Childbirth in Twelfth-and Thirteenth-Century French and English Law '' (. Something we could do with more of today the Damascus campaign was a that... Was to help settle the disputed succession in Henrys favour novel by L.! 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